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A. GIESLER. AMMONIAGAL GAS COMPRESSOR.

No. 602,802. Patented Apr. 19, 1898.

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AMMONIAGAL GAS COMPRESSOR. I

Patented Apr. 19, 1898.

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ARTHUR GIESLER, or DAYTON, orno,

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ASSIGNOR TO THE STlLlVELL-BIERCE & SMITH-VAILE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

AMMONlACAL-GAS COM PRESSOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 602,802, dated April 19, 1898.

Application filed October 1895.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ARTHUR GIESLER, of Dayton, county of Montgomery, State of Ohio, have invented a new and usefullmprovement inAmmoniacal-Gas Compressors; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in gas-compressors of the class used in connection with ice-making and refrigerating machines.

The object of the invention is to provide a compressor that is especially adapted to ammoniacal gas and which has a high degree of eficiency. 'With the attainment of these objects in View the improvements have reference to the construction of the head, upon which the cylinder is mounted and through which the gas is introduced to and from the valves and which enables the water-jacketing of the entire cylinder and the upper valves.

Referring to the annexed drawings, forming a supplemental part of this application, Figure 1 is aside elevation of an ammoniacalgas compressor constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional elevation of the upper part on the line a w of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the cylinder and head, taken on an axial line at a right angle to Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line y y of Fig. 3.

In the specification to follow similar characters of reference will be used to denote corresponding parts in the different views.

The letter A designates the housing, the summit of which is surmounted with a head A. This head is constructed with a View to the accommodation of a lowerset of valves to be hereinafter referred to, and to this end the said head is constructed with two inwardlytapering openings at a, diametrically opposite each other and inclining upwardly, substantially as is shown. in Fig. 2. The upper terminal of said head is also constructed with a circular cavity 7), which forms the lower end of the gas-chamber C when the cylinder 0 is Serial No. 564,502. (No model.)

mounted. There is also a central opening in said head through which the piston-rod passes and which terminates in a stuflingbox.

B designates the head of the cylinder, which is securely mounted on the upper end of said cylinder and which is also provided with two diametrically-positioned val i e-openings a a, substantially of the form and angle shown in the drawings and similar to those in the head A. The lower side of the cylinder-head B is also constructed with a circular cavity 11 of the same dimensions as those of the cavity in the head A and which forms the upper rounded terminal of the gas-chamber C.

It will be noted that the piston-cylinder is open at both ends; but when its ends are in closed bythe respective heads A and B there is a continuous gas-chamber formed, both ends of which are uniformly rounded and conform to the rounded ends of the piston. Communicating with the central part of this chamber are a series of ports u, that extend around the cylinder and discharge gas from an annular chamber o. This latter chamber receives the gas under suction from an inletpassage .9, that extends vertically on the exterior of the cylinder on the inside of the water-jacket, as shown in Fig. 3, and dis charges gas to the suction-valves i and cl through the ports 0 c. The passage s is fed from the main inlet or suction pipe d, which enters the head A and communicates with the lower part of said'passage s.

B designates the piston, which is shown partly in section in Fig. 2 and which is connected to a piston-rod B, that passes through a series of packing-rings f, inclosed in the box F and maintained in position by a gland F. The downwardly-projecting portion F, forming said stuffing-box, is an integral part of the head A and is surrounded by adownwardly extending waterjacket that keeps said stuffing-box at a desirable temperature.

e, 2, c and e designate bushing placed in the valve-openings a and a and which provides seats for the several valves. Two of these valves-to wit., the suction or inlet valves '8 and i-are located on the suction side of the compressor and communicate with the gas-chamber G at opposite ends of the cylinder. The pressure or outlet valves '5 ICO and i are similarly located in the discharge side of the compressor.

The letter designates a series of caps that inclose, the outer ends of the valves and are made secure within the valve-openings a and a.

do designates the suction or inlet pipe through which the ammoniacal gas is inducted to the inlet-valves through ports 0 o and thence to the chamber 0. The dischargepipe (1 enters the head A and communicates with the passage .9 and valves i and i through ports a c.

From the'foregoing description it will be seen that upon a downward stroke of the piston gas will be inducted through valve 71 under suction to the chamber 0 and also through the ports a when the piston has moved far enough to uncover said ports u sufficiently to enable the gas to pass into the said chamher. The piston acts as an automatic valve in connection with these ports by uncovering them upon each stroke. This is a material advantage, as the compressor is thereby enabled to run faster, and the efficiency is consequently greatly increased. For example, when the pressure following the piston is less than the suction pressure in the main suction or inlet pipe (which is the case whenever the piston travels faster than the gas can follow) a sufficient amount of gas cannot be inducted through the suction-valves to drive the pis- This deficiency in ton at a desirable speed. pressure is compensated for by the admission of gas through the ports a. Owing to the construction of the suction-valves at the ends of the cylinder being essentially small, it is not possible to obtain through them an amount of gas necessary to run the compressor at a desirably high rate of speed; or, in other words, it is not practicable to construct these valves large enough to admit through them an amount of gas equal to that entering through the ports it in addition to the amount of gas entering through said valves as they now appear. The supplemental gas-chamber o, with the inlet-ports u, are essential features of this invention.

To more clearly define the operation of admitting the necessary amount of gas to the cylinder, it is stated that when the piston travels at a comparatively slow rate of speed the suction-valves are permitted to remain open a longer time to fill the space in the cylinder with gas. During this period the pressure behind the piston becomes equal to that at the ports to, and there is consequently no gas inducted through said ports; but as the speed of the piston increases the suctionvalves are permitted to remain open a shorter length of time in which to fill the space in the cylinder. In this event the pressure behind the piston does not equal that at the ports a,

and the result is gas is admitted through said ports as they are uncovered by the piston, which compensates for the deficiency at the suction-valves. It will therefore be seen that the ports 'Lt become, in connection with the piston, practically an automatic valve, which is controlled alone by the speed of the piston, discharging gas into the cylinder in proportion to the speed of said piston. The gas thus introduced to the chamber 0 will be discharged under pressure through the outletvalve 2' upon the return or upward stroke of the piston. During said downward stroke of the piston gas that was previously inducted through the suction-valve '21 and ports it into the chamber will be discharged through the outlet -valve i to the. discharge pipe cl, through which it is carried to the freezingcoils. (Not shown.) The several valves seat easily under the pressure of helical springs 0. The piston is provided'with two seriesof sealing-rings 19, that prevent any passage of ammonia in a gaseous or liquefied state from.

one end of the chamber to the other, and the ports a are sealed by said rings as soon as the straight'surface of'the piston covers them.

From the construction exemplified in Fig.

2 it will be seen that the lower set of valves are easily accessible, there being nothing inclosing them but their caps. The upper set of valves are only inclosed in addition to their caps by the water jacket 13. The trouble of detaching the various parts of the compressor in order to gain access to the valves from time to time is removed by this construction. The stufiing-box and head A are cooled by the water-chamber t, which has a detachable covert. This chamber tcommunicates with thewater-chamber 0 through passages 7", (shown in broken lines,) and a continuous circulation of water is maintained in both chambers, that keeps the entire parts cool. The water is introduced through inletpipe as and passes out from the chamber 15 through outlet-pipe so. (Shown in dotted lines.)

It is apparent from the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 3 that the gas for the upper and lower valves and the water for the upper and lower jackets enter and leave the pump through the head A. This enables the parts to be easily detached whenever it becomes necessary and also admits of the entire pump being water-jacketed.

Having fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent IIO 1. In a gas-compressor, the combination of a head A, a cylinder mounted on said head, inlet and outlet valves at the upper and lower ends of said cylinder, passages s and s in the wall of the cylinder communicating with the suction and discharge pipes through said head, and with the upper valves, and a central annular gas-chamber around the cylinder and communicating with said passages s, and with the cylinder through a series of ports a which are controlled by the piston, and through which, gas is admitted to the cylinder when the pressure behind the piston becomes less than the pressure at said ports,

whereby the said piston may be maintained at a high rate of speed, substantially as described.

2. In a gas-compressor, a cylinder provided with an inlet and an outlet valve communieating with the upper end thereof, inlet and outlet passages s for said valves extending from the lower end of the cylinder, and a central annular gas chamber communicating with the passages s and s, and with the cylin der, in combination with a head upon which the cylinder is mounted, and through which, an inlet and outlet is afiorded for the upper valves through the passages s and s, and inlet and outlet valves in said head communieating with the lower end of the cylinder and having an inlet and outlet also through the head, substantially as described.

3. In a gas-compressor, the combination with a cylinder having inlet and outlet passages s and 8' extending up the sides thereof, and an annular gas-chamber around the central part thereof communicating with the cylinder through a series of ports which are'controlled by the piston and through which, gas

a water-jacket inclosing said cylinder and e valves, of a head A having an integral stuffing-box F, and upon which the said cylinder and water-jacket are mounted, and into which the main inlet and outlet pipes enter and communicate with the passages s and s, inlet and outlet valves in said head communicating with the lower end of the cylinder and with the main inlet and outlet pipes, and a Water-jacket in said head to cool the stuffingbox' and lower valves and through which a circulation of water is maintained in waterjaeket surrounding the cylinder and upper valves, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 24th day 01": September, 1895. ARTHUR GIESLElFt.v Witnesses:

R. J. MOCARTY, IRVING LONGENECKER.

WNW? ai the application of Arthur Giesler, of Dayton, Ohio, for an improvement in Ammoniacal- It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 602,802, granted April 19, 1898, upon Gas Compressors, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction, as

, follows: Page 3, line 7, the word and reference letter passages 5 should read passages s and s, and same page, line 10, the words and reference letters passages s arent No. 602,802

and s should read passage 5; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the ease in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 3d day of May, A. D., 1898.

[sEAL] WEBSTER DAVIS,

Assistant Secretary of the Interior.

Oountersigned:

G. H. DUELL,

Commissioner of Patents.

Corrections in Letters P 

